• "Flash Points and Tipping Points: Security Implications of Global Population Changes"
  “Population distortions—in which populations grow too young, or too fast, or too urbanized—make it difficult for prevailing economic and administrative institutions to maintain stable socialization and labor-force absorption,” says Jack A. Goldstone. “The most logical way to overcome the population distortions in varied regions will be to ease the barriers to movement across borders.”
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• "Half a Chance: Youth Bulges and Transitions to Liberal Democracy"
  “The dissipation of a large youth bulge tends to yield relative political calm,” says Richard Cincotta. On the other hand, democratic gains under youth-bulge conditions “face unfavorable odds.” Using age-structure data, he assesses the fragility of existing liberal democracies and forecasts when new ones will emerge.
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• "Population in Defense Policy Planning"
  U.S. defense policymakers should watch four demographic trends, says Jennifer Dabbs Sciubba: youthful populations, changes in military personnel, international migration, and urbanization. “The military does not always have the tools to address these population and development issues, but by drawing on a wider community for support, they lessen the chances that they will have to deal with the consequences,” she says.
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• "Climate Change, Demography, Environmental Degradation, and Armed Conflict"
  Using geo-referenced data, Clionadh Raleigh and Henrik Urdal find that population growth and density are related to increased civil conflict, but that demographic and environmental factors are generally outweighed by political and economic ones. Therefore, they call for “paying greater attention to how resources are distributed and how political institutions create vulnerability to climate change.”
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• "Migration as the Demographic Wild Card in Civil Conflict: Mauritius and Fiji"
  Analyzing demographic trends on the small-island nations of Mauritius and Fiji, Christian Leuprecht argues that “the impact of migration on conflict is a man-made problem; the way migration is managed (or not) can determine its potential for mitigating or escalating a conflict.”
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• "Beginning the Demographic Transition: Very Young and Youthful Age Structures"
  From 1970-2000, “only 13 percent of countries with a very young age structure had fully democratic governments, compared with 83 percent of countries with a mature age structure,” points out Elizabeth Leahy, who compares and contrasts age structures’ connection to conflict in Nigeria, Ethiopia, Iran, and Pakistan.
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• The Environmental Dimension of Asian Security: Conflict and Cooperation Over Energy, Resources, and Pollution
  Reviewed by Paul G. Harris
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• The Greening of the U.S. Military: Environmental Policy, National Security, and Organizational Change
  Reviewed by Brian Smith
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• The Price of Neglect: From Resource Conflict to Maoist Insurgency in the Himalayan Kingdom
  Reviewed by Saleem H. Ali
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• Too Poor for Peace? Global Poverty, Conflict, and Security in the 21st Century
  Reviewed by Stewart Patrick
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• The Upside of Down: Catastrophe, Creativity, and the Renewal of Civilization
  Reviewed by Richard Matthew
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Introduction

The Security Demographic: Assessing the Evidence

Securing Health: Lessons From Nation-Building Missions

Health Provision in Fragile Settings: A Stabilizing Force?

Mechanisms for Health Systems Management: Reflections on the World Bank and USAID Experiences

Measuring the Human Cost of War: Dilemmas and Controversies