Emerging Powers: India, Brazil, and South Africa (IBSA) and the future of South-South Cooperation

India, Brazil, and South Africa (IBSA) are transcending geographical, historical, and regional differences in order to promote their individual and collective interests at a time when the current economic hardship and declining U.S. hegemony mean greater opportunities for emerging countries in the global South. Since its inception at the margins of the expanded G-8 Summit held in Evian, France, in 2003, the group, officially established in 2004 as the IBSA Dialogue Forum, has held three Summits – in Brasília in 2006, in Pretoria in 2007, and in New Delhi in 2008. The three foreign ministers have met at least once a year and a number of trilateral official consultations have taken place at lower levels. The IBSA Forum has also facilitated interaction amongst Indian, South African and Brazilian academics, business leaders, and other members of civil society.

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