Europe’s enclosed seas are as diverse as the continent’s peoples are diverse. Yet the Baltic, Mediterranean, and Black Seas all face similar challenges of pollution that undercut the marine ecosystems and the economic potential and health of surrounding human populations. The attempts to address the environmental quality of Europe’s seas also vary in architecture, funding, and effectiveness. By comparing and analyzing the state of environmental management around the Baltic, Mediterranean, and Black Seas, scholars and policymakers may draw valuable lessons for replicating success stories and avoiding failed pathways. Conference proceedings from Saving the Seas: Developing Capacity and Fostering Environmental Cooperation in Europe, held 14 May 1999 at the Wilson Center.