Steven Philip Kramer

Steven Philip Kramer is a Global Fellow with the Wilson Center's Global Europe Program. Steven is a historian of modern and contemporary Europe, with emphasis on France. Having been a professor at National Defense University for 30 years and an advisor to the State Department, he focuses on the historical dimensions of policy. His research has examined how post-war France was shaped by the experience of the Resistance and Liberation, European socialism, European security and defense and how developed nations attempted to deal with low and declining birth rates. His most recent book, entitled Jews, Muslims and the French Republic, was published by Cambria Press in 2023. It examines the situation of Muslims in France today by comparing it with the development of the French Jewish community. It also analyzes the reasons for the tensions and antagonisms between French Jews and Muslims.